The SBL oil recommendation for the spindle is a 100 SUS @ 100 Deg. F. or ISO 22,
use Mobil Velocite #10 Spindle Oil.
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There are a couple things that can cause excessive spindle oil loss. As you may have noticed,
each of the bearing journals have a dovetail groove that runs around each side with a small hole at the bottom.
That hole is the oil return. Pushed into that hole is a tiny T shaped piece of bent wire meant to break the surface
tension of the oil and allow it to flow into the hole easier. I suggest that you check your journals and see if the
wires exist, pull them out and make sure the oil return holes are clear, a pipe cleaner works very well for that.
Also make sure the vent holes at the front of the head stock just above the oil cups are clear.
Another reason for a loss of oil is an improperly adjusted take up nut, too loose can result in a loss in both journals
and too tight usually results in a loss at the small journal. You mention the rear bearing so I assume you mean the
small journal at the left end of the spindle. Finally journal wear can also cause excessive oil flow, make sure the cap
bolts are tight and do a lift test by positioning a dial indicator on the edge of the spindle and lift the spindle by
inserting a bar through it. You should have less than .002 of movement, I believe the specs are .0005 to .0015
but someone will chime in if I am wrong. Repeat at the other end of the spindle. Excessive clearance can be
eliminated by removing one more laminations from the shims between the journal cap and head stock but don't go
there until you have made sure that you really have excessive clearance and not just poorly seated bearing caps
due to a burr on the shim or some foreign matter in the joint with the shim, etc.
BakoRoy
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The spindle sleeve for a 10" can be a #3mt or a #2mt. If you have a D1-4 cam-lock spindle,
it takes  a different sleeve(extended). 
Ted
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13"  collet closer D1-4 or Threaded spindle
will a 13" 5C collet closer work on a D1-4 spindle,
no, The length of the tube is specific to the spindle nose.
the D1-4 is 5/16" longer than the threaded, and the L00 is about 1.5" longer yet.
Ted
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register bore
What does the opening in the back of the backplate look like?
It ought to have a short, say, 1/4" or so, straight bore that is a bit (.010") bigger than the nominal spindle size.
I'll call this the "register bore". If it's a 2-1/4" spindle, the register bore should measure 2.260".
It might be bigger. It must not be smaller, or it won't mate up with the register itself,
which is the corresponding short unthreaded section at the base of the spindle nose.
The register is spec'ed to be .009" greater than the nominal spindle size, so 2.259" for a 2-1/4" spindle.
Finegrain (Mike?)



13L Spindle adaptor sleeve
Since you have a 2 1/4-8 thread you have a "Large Bore " 13". The spindle has a propritary SB taper.
This is 0.602 in/foot with a large end diameter of 1.629" 
You need a sleeve which will adapt the spindle taper to a MT2 or MT-3 center.
This is the same adapter used on the 10-L.
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The 13" spindle has a length
of 21 1/16" as opposed to the 10" spindle has a length of 13 23/32".
The 13" spindle accepts a 4 step cone pulley, so the distance between the spindle bearings
is quite different.
John
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The 14-1/2" lathes came with 2 different spindles. 
Older machines were 2-1/4"-6 TPI and had a smaller bore that used a 
4C collet (with proper adapter)
Newer machines were 2-3/8"-6TPI and had a larger bore that used a 5C 
collet (with proper adapter)
Jeff Beck
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On a 1979 10L with D1-4 spindle, the journal dianeters are:
Front 2.2490/2.2495" 
rear 1.8740/1.8745" 
same for the 2 1/4-8 and the LOO spindles
Ted 
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I don't know when the D1-3 spindle was first offered on the flat belt machines, or when it ended,
but it was in production at one time. 
The 14" Variable Speed machines had the D1-3 as standard untill the early 70's before it was changed to the D1-4.
Ted 
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The D1-3 spindle was offered on the 10, 13, 1307, 14VS, and the 16".
Ted 
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Ted's right, of course. I've owned a 14VS that had a D1-3 spindle nose, used 5C collets and had a 1.5" through hole. Nice.
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A D1-3 has an O.D of 3.625 and a D1-4 has an O.D of 4.625. 
Brian Miller
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